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Step1. Warming up Lead to the grammar by translating some sentences in 1. 时不时地，我们有种旅游的冲动。 Every now and then, we have the itch to travel. 2.很少有游客扫兴地离开里约热内卢。 Few visitors leave 3.以嘉年华而着称的这个节日吸引了来自世界各地的游客。 Known as Carnival, the festival attracts visitors from all over the world. Step2. Presentation 一. 不定式 to do (一）作主语 1. To learn English is not an easy thing. 2 .It is my pleasure to help you. 3. It is dangerous to swim in the river. it做形式主语时，要注意下列句型的区别：It is adj. of/for sb.to do sth. 例如：1） It is wise of him to say so. 2) It is very important for us to learn English. (二) 作宾语 1. He wants to visit 2. He managed to finish his homework in one hour. 3. We found it difficult to learn English. 注意：有些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。如：decide, want, wish, expect, manage, plan, pretend, refuse, offer, learn, demand, afford, wonder, intend 等。 （叁）作宾补 1. I asked him to show me his new dictionary 注意：有些动词如；make,let,have,see,hear,watch,feel,find,notice,observe,look at,listen to后接不定式作 宾补时，要省去to，但在被动语态中要加to。 eg. He always makes his sister cry (cry), but this time he was made to cry (cry) by her. (四）作表语 1. My job is to look after small children. 2.The young man seems to be a college graduate. （五）作定语 1. I have an important meeting to attend. 2. He is always the first one to come but the last one to leave. 3. At last, he thought out a plan to punish the thief. 注意：不定式作定语时，一般放在所修饰的词之后，如果不定式是不及物动词，它的后面要有必要的介词。如： eg1. Would you please find me a piece of paper __________?(写) eg2. I have nothing to___________.(担心) eg3. He is a nice person to ____________(工作) （六）作状语 １）不定式作目的状语，相当于in order to, so as to eg1. He came here to borrow a dictionary. eg2. To make the room larger, he fixed a mirror on the front wall. ２）不定式作结果状语，往往表示出乎意料的结果,其前面往往要加only。 eg1. He got home, only to find he had lost his key. eg2. He woke up, only to find he was in hospital. ３）作一些形容词的状语，此时用主动式表示被动的动作。 eg1. I am glad to see you. eg2. The question is difficult to answer. 注意： １. 不定式被动式to be done形式表示的动作可能发在谓语动词的动作之后，表将来的动作。 She asked to be given more work to do. The bridge to be built next month will be the longest one in the world. ２. 定式的进行式to be doing 形式所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 He pretended to be reading a book when I came in. ３. 不定式的完成式to have done表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。 They seemed to have known the news. Practice: 1. He seems____ the old lady.
C. to know D. to be known 2. Tom _______ when they spoke ill of him. A. happened to be passed B. happened to be passing by C. happened passing by D. happened to passed 3. _______ with him is a great pleasure. A. To talk B. Talk C. Talked D. To talking 4. Her wish is ______ a doctor. A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come 5.______ the room temperature, he added some coal into the stove. A. To keep up B. So to keep up C. Keep up D. In order keep up 二．分词 doing/done （一）作表语 注意：（1）过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别。（2）过去分词作表语时(系表结构)和被动语态的区别。 1. My job is very interesting. 2. I am interested in my job. 3. The window is broken. （二）作宾补 请注意此时分词与宾语的关系。 1. He had his hair cut yesterday. 2. I heard him singing the song in the room at 9:00 last night. 3. The thief was taken in, with his hands tied behind the back. （叁）作定语 1. The crying boy is my brother. 2. The girl sitting in the second row is my daughter. 3. You’d better drink boiled water. 4. The bridge being built now will connect the two cities. 注意：作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。 还需注意主动和被动的区别。 （四）作状语 1. He went into the room, following his brother. 2. Not knowing what to do, they went to the teacher for help. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out to play. 4. Heated to 注意：分词做状语时，分词的逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致。主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。如：1)Seeing from the hill, we can see the city clearly. 2) Seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful. Practice: 1. The job is _____ . None of us like to do it. A. tired B. tiring C. tire D. to be tired 2. When she returned home, she found the window open and something ______. A. stolen B. missed C. to be stolen D. to steal 3. He read a magazine _____ for the bus. A. to wait B. to be waiting C. waiting D. waited 4. ____it _____, he went back home and took an umbrella. A. Seen; had rained B. Saw; rained C. Seeing; was raining D. To see; would rain 5._____ his homework, he went out for play. A. Having done B. Done C. He has done D. He had done 叁．动名词 doing （一）作主语 1. Reading newspapers is my favorite . 2. Seeing is believing. 注意： 1. 用it 做形式主语，动名词或动名词短语做真正的主语。 句型：It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth. 2. 主谓一致 （谓语用第叁人称单数形式） （二）作宾语 1. I didn’t stop working. 2.He is used to getting up early. 注意： 1）有些动词后面只能跟动名词作宾语。如： finish, mind, enjoy, keep, admit, resist, escape, imagine, miss, practise, avoid, appreciate 等。 有些动词后面既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语,区别不大。如： start, begin, love, continue 等。 但是，下列动词后接动词不定式或动名词有不同含义。如：remember, forget, regret, mean, try , consider，go on, stop等。 2）need/ want/ require 的主语为物时，宾语是doing和to be done 如: These flowers need watering/ to be watered. 3) 介词but/except 表“除了”时，宾语有do 或to do. 口诀：有do无to ，无do有to. He has nothing to do but sleep. He has no choice but to sleep. （叁）作表语 1) His work is teaching English. 2）My favorite sport is running. 注意: 动名词和现在分词做表语时的区别。比较：The news is exciting. 1）He is in the reading room. 2）This is a swimming pool. (四）作定语 注意现在分词和动名词做定语时的区别。试比较：a sleeping boy a walking stick Practice: 1.Can you imagine ____ as a nurse? A. him work B. him working C. he working D. him to work 2.Some people’s greatest pleasure is ____. A . fishing B. to fish C. to be fish D. being fish 3. The boy spent a lot of time ___ football. A. playing B. play C. to play D. played 4. These young men succeeded ____ the new machine. A. designed B. to design C. in designing D. design 5.I am the boss here! I’m not used to ____ what to do. A.told B. telling C. to told D. being told. Step3. Consolidation 1. Having been attacked by terrorists, ___. • A. doctors came to their rescue • B. the tall building collapsed • C. an emergency measure was taken • D.warnings were given to tourists. (2004上海卷) 2.The newspaper reporters hurried to the airport, only ___ the film stars had left.
（2004福建卷） Step4. 小结： 1. 非谓语动词所作成分一览表
2．非谓语动词的分类 含义 形式 语态
Homework : 1. Revise what we have learned today. 2. Finish some exercises. |
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