非谓语动词
非谓语动词包含不定式，动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）
（一） 不定式的用法
1. 不定式作主语
① It takes sb some time to do sth
② It + be + adj/ n. + to do sth
e.g. It is my dream to be a writer.
To be a writer is my dream.
2. 不定式作表语
My dream is to be a writer.
His duty/ purpose/ is to …
3. 不定式作宾语
want to do sth agree to do sth plan to do sth refuse to do sth
pretend to do sth(假装去做某事)
prepare to do sth decide to do sth forget to do sth afford to do sth promise to do sth
4. 不定式作宾补
tell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth order sb to do sth
want sb to do sth would like sb to do sth wish sb to do sth require sb to do sth
5. 不定式作定语
He wants to have a room to live in.
I don’t have a pen to write with.
Give me something to drink.
6. 不定式作状语
① （表结果）The box is too heavy to move. （迟辞辞…迟辞）
She grew up to be a pretty girl.
② （表目的）I went there to see my teacher.
She came back to get her English book.
7. 疑问词+不定式
I don’t know what to do next.
When to start has not been decided.
He can tell you where to get the book.
8. 感官动词
See sb do sth see sb doing sth hear sb do sth hear sb doing sth
Watch sb do sth watch sb doing sth
9. It’s time to do sth
迟辞辞…迟辞
it + be + adj.+ for/ of sb + to do sth
It’s better to do sth
I have no choice but to wait.
I have nothing to do but wait.
（二）不定式的具体用法
(1)动词+to do sth
decide to do sth (决定做某事)
plan to do sth （计划做某事）
agree to do sth （同意做某事）
prepare to do sth （准备做某事）
hope to do sth （希望做某事）
want to do sth （想要做某事）
dare to do sth （敢做某事）
promise to do sth （允诺做某事）
afford to do sth （支付得起做某事）
choose to do sth （选择做某事）
ought to do sth （应该做某事）
fail to do sth （未能做某事）
manage to do sth （设法做某事）（往往指事情做成了）
pretend to do sth （假装去做某事）
happen to do sth （碰巧去做某事）
refuse to do sth （拒绝做某事）
seem to do sth （似乎要去做某事）
offer to do sth （主动去做某事）
can’t wait to do sth （迫不及待地要去做某事）
forget to do sth (forget doing sth)
remember to do sth (remember doing sth)
hate to do sth (hate doing sth)
like to do sth (like doing sth)
prefer to do A rather than do B
prefer doing A to doing B
(2) 动词+ sb + to do sth
tell sb to do sth
ask sb to do sth
invite sb to do sth （邀请）
need sb to do sth (sth needs doing; sth needs to be done)
wish sb to do sth （希望）
allow sb to do sth (allow doing sth) （允许）
advise sb to do sth (advise doing sth) （建议）
help sb (to )do sth
force sb to do sth （强迫）
remind sb to do sth （提醒）
encourage sb to do sth （鼓励）
warn sb to do sth （警告）
order sb to do sth （命令）
would like (sb) to do sth
require sb to do sth （要求）
(3) 动词 + sb + do sth
let sb do sth
make sb do sth (sb be made to do sth)
have sb do sth
see sb do sth (sb be seen to do sth)
see sb doing sth (sb be seen doing sth)
hear sb do sth (sb be heard to do sth)
hear sb doing sth (sb be heard doing sth)
watch sb do sth
watch sb doing sth
notice sb do sth
notice sb doing sth
(4) 动词 +doing
have difficulty (in) doing sth （做某事有困难）
have fun (in) doing sth
have a good time doing sth （做某事很高兴）
spend time (money) in doing sth （花时间做某事）
practice doing sth （练习做某事）
finish doing sth （完成做某事）
suggest doing sth (建议做某事)
give up doing sth （放弃做某事）
mind doing sth （介意做某事）
consider doing sth (考虑做某事)
keep sb doing sth （让某人一直做某事）
keep sb from doing sth （阻止某人做某事）
prevent sb (from) doing sth
stop sb (from) doing sth
stop to do sth (停下来去做某事)
can’t stop/help doing sth （情不自禁做某事）
look forward to doing sth （期待做某事）
be used to doing sth (习惯于做某事)
thank you for doing sth （感谢某人做某事）
feel like doing sth （想要做某事）
be good at doing sth （擅长做某事）
do well in doing
be (well) worth doing （值得做某事）
be busy doing sth （忙于做某事）
go on doing sth 继续做同一件事）
go on to do sth （继续做另外一件事）
devote oneself to (doing) sth （致力于做某事）
pay attention to doing sth （注意做某事）
be interested in doing sth （对。。。做某事感兴趣）
be afraid of doing sth （担心会发生某事）但实际上未必会发生
be afraid to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事
insist on doing sth （坚持做某事）
(5) 动词 + do sth
had better (not) do sth
would rather do sth
why not do sth
I have no choice but to wait.
I have nothing to do but wait.
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